588 research outputs found
Parametric resonance of a two-dimensional electron gas under bichromatic irradiation
In an ultrahigh mobility 2D electron gas, even a weak nonparabolicity of the
electron dispersion, by violating Kohn's theorem, can have a drastic effect on
dc magnetotransport under ac drive. We study theoretically the manifestation of
this effect in the dc response to the combined action of two driving ac-fields
(bichromatic irradiation). Compared to the case of monochromatic irradiation,
which is currently intensively studied both experimentally and theoretically,
the presence of a second microwave source provides additional insight into the
properties of an ac-driven 2D electron gas. In particular, we find that
nonparabolicity, being the simplest cause for a violation of Kohn's theorem,
gives rise to new qualitative effects specific to bichromatic irradiation.
Namely, when the frequencies and are well away from the
cyclotron frequency, , our simple classical considerations
demonstrate that the system becomes parametrically unstable with respect to
fluctuations with frequency . As an additional effect of
nonparabolicity, this parametric instability can manifest itself in the dc
properties of the system. This happens when , and
are related as 3:1:2, respectively. Even for weak detuning between
and , the effect of the bichromatic irradiation on the dc
response in the presence of nonparabolicity can differ dramatically from the
monochromatic case. In particular, the equations of motion can acquire
multistable solutions. As a result, the diagonal dc-conductivity can assume
several stable negative values at the same magnetic field.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figure
Electronic theory for superconductivity in SrRuO: triplet pairing due to spin-fluctuation exchange
Using a two-dimensional Hubbard Hamiltonian for the three electronic bands
crossing the Fermi level in SrRuO we calculate the band structure and
spin susceptibility in quantitative agreement with
nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS)
experiments. The susceptibility has two peaks at {\bf Q}
due to the nesting Fermi surface properties and at {\bf q}
due to the tendency towards ferromagnetism. Applying spin-fluctuation exchange
theory as in layered cuprates we determine from ,
electronic dispersions, and Fermi surface topology that superconductivity in
SrRuO consists of triplet pairing. Combining the Fermi surface topology
and the results for we can exclude and wave
symmetry for the superconducting order parameter. Furthermore, within our
analysis and approximations we find that -wave symmetry is slightly favored
over p-wave symmetry due to the nesting properties of the Fermi surface.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, misprints correcte
Augmented Facilitation: Designing a multi-modal Conversational Agent for Group Ideation
Human facilitators face the challenge to structure and collect relevant insights from collaborative creative work sessions, which can suffer if they face a high workload. Hence, for effective value co-creation in organizational ideation we suggest an facilitation augmentation with a conversational agent (CA). CAs have the ability to support respective collaborative work by documenting and analyzing unstructured data. Following the design science research paradigm, and based on the literature about facilitation and human-AI collaboration, we derive design principles to develop a CA prototype that collects ideas from a group ideation session and displays them back in a structured (multi-modal) manner. We evaluate the CA by conducting four focus groups. Key findings show that the CA successfully distills and enriches information. Our study contributes to understanding the role of CA in augmenting facilitation and it provides guidance for practice on how to integrate these technologies in group meetings
Electronic theory for superconductivity in Sr2RuO4: Triplet pairing due to spin-fluctuation exchange
Using a Hubbard Hamiltonian for the three electronic bands crossing the Fermi level in Sr2RuO4, we calculate the band structure and spin susceptibility χ(q, w) in quantitative agreement with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments. The susceptibility has two peaks at Qi = (2π/3a, 2π/3a, 0) due to the nesting Fermi surface properties and at qi = (0.2π/a, 0, 0) due to the tendency towards ferromagnetism. Applying spin-fluctuation exchange theory as in layered cuprates we determine from χ(q,w), electronic dispersions, and Fermi surface topology that superconductivity in Sr2RuO4 consists of triplet pairing. Using X(q, w) we can exclude s- and d-wave symmetry for the superconducting order parameter. Furthermore, within our analysis and approximations we find that the order parameter will have a node between neighboring RuO2-planes and that in the RuO2-plane fx 2-y2-wave and p-wave symmetry are close in energy
The moral muteness of managers: an Anglo-American phenomenon? German and British managers and their moral reasoning about environmental sustainability in business
Several studies in the Anglo-American context have indicated that managers present themselves as morally neutral employees who act only in the best interest of the company by employing objective skills. The reluctance of managers to use moral arguments in business is further accentuated in the now common argument presented as a neutral fact that the company must always prioritise shareholder value. These and other commercial aims are seen as an objective reality in business, whilst questions about sustainability, environmental problems or fair trade are seen as emotional or moral ones; a phenomenon described as ‘moral muteness’. This research explores whether this ‘moral muteness’ is an Anglo-American phenomenon and/or whether managers in other countries - in this case Germany - might express themselves in a different way. The focus is on moral arguments around environmental sustainability and the implications of this study for cross-cultural management. This article is based on a qualitative, comparative cross-cultural study of British and German managers in the Food Retail and Energy Sectors. In line with the studies mentioned above, British managers placed a strong emphasis on their moral neutrality. In contrast, German managers tended to use moral arguments when discussing corporate greening, often giving such arguments more weight than financial arguments. Overall, the study suggests that the ‘moral muteness’ of managers is a British phenomenon and quite distinct from the German approach. The article ends in a short exploration of how this understanding can help managers better manage people, organisations and change across cultures
Theory for phonon-induced superconductivity in MgB
We analyze superonductivity in MgB observed below K resulting
from electron-phonon coupling involving a mode at meV and
most importantly the in-plane B-B vibration at
meV. The quasiparticles originating from - and -states couple
strongly to the low-frequency mode and the -vibrations respectively.
Using two-band Eliashberg theory, and , we calculate the gap functions (,
).
Our results provide an explanation of recent tunneling experiments.
We get .Comment: revised version, accepted for publication in PR
Paradox as invitation to act in problematic change situations
It has been argued that organizational life typically contains paradoxical situations such as efforts to manage change which nonetheless seem to reinforce inertia. Four logical options for coping with paradox have been explicated, three of which seek resolution and one of which ‘keeps the paradox open’. The purpose of this article is to explore the potential for managerial action where the paradox is held open through the use of theory on ‘serious playfulness’. Our argument is that paradoxes, as intrinsic features in organizational life, cannot always be resolved through cognitive processes. What may be possible, however, is that such paradoxes are transformed, or ‘moved on’ through action and as a result the overall change effort need not be stalled by the existence of embedded paradoxes
Reculturing schools in England: how ‘cult’ values in education policy discourse influence the construction of practitioner identities and work orientations
The imperative of continuous improvement has now become normative in education policy discourse, typically framed as setting ‘aspirational’ targets for pupil performance as a prerequisite for gaining competitive advantage in the global economy. In this context, teachers, leaders, teacher assistants and other practitioners working in schools across England have been under increasing pressure to raise standards. This article focuses on how values are deployed in reculturing and regulating practitioners to develop identities and work orientations which are congruent with the policymakers’ agendas. G.H. Mead’s concept of ‘cult’ values illuminates the process of fostering homogeneity with the dominant policy discourse through an inclusion/exclusion dynamic. Interview data collected in two primary schools revealed a significant convergence of practitioner discourse with policy objectives. Delivering improvement affects how practitioners talk about their work and see themselves as educators. The ‘cult’ of continuous improvement appears to inhibit a critical approach to the implementation of education policies by school practitioners in their everyday work
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Dominant cognitive frames and the innovative power of social networks
In this paper, we illustrate the link between social network structures, dominant cognitive frames on network purpose and the innovative power of a network, through a mixed-method comparative analysis of two Knowledge Translation Networks (KTNs)in the English National Health Service (NHS). Our findings illustrate several challenges for networked forms of organization linked to different manifestations of social networks (centralized/decentralized) and dominant cognitive frames (polarizing/loosely clustered). Our paper contributes a better understanding of how dominant frames on network purpose emerge alongside the development of network structure itself, and explores how this interplay between dominant frames and social networks impacts upon the collaborative work that supports the networks’ innovative power
Decentring emotion regulation: from emotion regulation to relational emotion
YesThis article takes a critical approach to emotion regulation suggesting that the concept needs supplementing with a relational position on the generation and restraint of emotion. I chart the relational approach to emotion, challenging the ‘two-step’ model of emotion regulation. From this, a more interdisciplinary approach to emotion is developed using concepts from social science to show the limits of instrumental, individualistic and cognitivist orientations in the psychology of emotion regulation, centred on appraisal theory. Using a social interactionist approach I develop an ontological position in which social relations form the fundamental contexts in which emotions are generated, toned, and restrained, so that regulation is decentred and seen as just one moment or aspect in the relational patterning of emotion
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